Briullov, Karl
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Wikipedia-Article "Karl Briullov"
Karl Pavlovich Briullov (Карл Павлович Брюллов), called by his friends the Great Karl (December 12, 1799, St Petersburg - June 11, 1852, Rome), was the first Russian painter of international standing. He is regarded as a key figure in transition from the Russian neoclassicism to romanticism.
Born of Italian parents in St Petersburg, Carlo Brullo (as his name was spelled until 1822) felt drawn to Italy from early years. Despite his education at the Imperial Academy of Arts (1809-1821) Briullov never fully embraced the Classical style taught by his mentors. After distinguishing himself as a promising and imaginative student and finishing his education, he left Russia for Rome. Here he worked until 1835 as a portraitist and genre painter, though his fame as an artist came when he got involved in historical painting.
His best-known work, The Last Day of Pompeii (1830-1833), is a vast composition compared by Pushkin and Gogol to the best works of Rubens and Van Dyck. It created a sensation in Italy and established Briullov as one of the finest European painters of his day. After completing this work, he triumphally returned to the Russian capital, where he made many friends among the aristocracy and intellectural elite and obtained a high post in the Academy.
While teaching at the Academy (1836-1848) he developed a portrait style which combined a neoclassical simplicity with a romantic tendency that fused well, and his penchant for realism was satisfied with an intriguing level of psychological penetration. While he was working on the plafond of St Isaac's Cathedral, his health suddenly deteriorated. Following advice of his doctors, Briullov left Russia for Madeira in 1849 and spent the last three years of his life in Italy. He is buried at the Cemeterio degli Inglesi in Rome.
His elder brother Alexander Briullov (1798-1877) was a notable Neoclassical architect who designed the Mikhailovsky Theatre, Sts. Peter-and-Paul's Lutheran church and Pulkovo Observatory in St Petersburg.