Therapeutic Touch
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Wikipedia-Article "Therapeutic Touch"
Therapeutic touch (TT) is a mostly secular variant of faith healing, started by Dolores Krieger in the early 1970s. The TT practioner moves his hands over the patient’s body, specifically the affected area, without actually touching the patient. TT adherents claim that this directs the flow of chi so that the patient can heal. The practice is based on the belief that living beings have an energy field or aura which extends beyond the surface of the body that can be manipulated by the therapist. No evidence of effectiveness has been found when TT has been tested under controlled conditions.
In 1998, Emily Rosa became the youngest person to have a paper accepted by the Journal of the American Medical Association, when she submitted a paper detailing the results of her study which showed that 21 TT practitioners were unable to detect the Human Energy Field which TT claims to exist. In her experiment, she invited these experienced practitioners to put both of their hands through holes in a cardboard screen. She flipped coins to determine whether to hold her hand near, but not touching, their left or right hands. If they were able to "feel" the presence of the body or to "sense" her biofield, then they would be able to tell her where her hand was. All practioners asserted confidence that they would be able to do this. In fact, in repeated trials, none of them were able to correctly identify the location of her hand at a rate better than the 50-50 chance that random guessing would give them.
Some people believe that Therapeutic Touch works at a strictly psychological or "placebo" level: if the patient believes that the practitioner can help him/her calm down, then the patient will become more tranquil. If the patient believes that TT will be painless and will not be interrupted by noisy, irritating, or invasive procedures, then the patient's anxiety level will decrease. If the patient believes that the practitioner is attempting to be gentle, helpful and caring, then the patient will receive the emotional and neruophysiological sensations common to being cared for. In many cases, TT is conducted in quiet, soothing environments, and produces many of the same benefits as quiet rest.