Hypotension
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Wikipedia-Article "Hypotension"
| Hypotension | ||
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| ICD-10 code: | I95 | |
| ICD-9 code: | 458 | |
In physiology and medicine, hypotension refers to an abnormally low blood pressure. It is often associated with shock, though not necessarily indicative of it. Hypotension is not to be confused with hypertension.
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Causes
Orthostatic hypotension is a common cause of low blood pressure, resulting from a sudden change in body position. Reduced blood volume, called hypovolæmia, can also cause hypotension and often results from the use of diuretics or vasodilators such as nitric oxide or furosemide. It has been recorded as a side-effect of certain forms of anesthesia, such as curare, in which event it is often treated by the anesthesiologist. Another -- albeit rare -- form, is "post prandial hypotension", which occurs 30-75 minutes after eating. It is not well understood.
Indicators
For most individuals, a healthy blood pressure lies between 90/60 mmHg to 130/80 mmHg. A small drop in blood pressure, even as little as 20 mmHg, can result in transient hypotension.
Symptoms
Low blood pressure is often accompanied by:
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Irregular heartbeat
- Fever higher than 101 °F (38.3 °C)
- Headache
- Stiff neck
- Severe upper back pain
- Cough with phlegm
- Prolonged diarrhea or vomiting
- Inability to eat or drink
- Burning with urination
- Foul-smelling urine
- Adverse effect of medications
- Acute, life-threatening allergic reaction
- Dizziness, or light-headedness
- Seizures
- Loss of consciousness
References
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