Sexual
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- This article is about the issues and phenomena pertaining to sexual function and behavior. For information about sexual activities and practices (i.e., "doing it"), see the article human sexual behavior.
Human sexuality refers to the expression of sexual sensation and related intimacy between human beings, as well as the expression of identity through sex and as influenced by or based on sex. There are a great many forms of human sexuality. The sexuality of human beings comprises a broad range of behavior and processes, including the physiological, psychological, social, cultural, political, and spiritual or religious aspects of sex and human sexual behavior. Philosophy, particularly ethics and the study of morality, as well as theology, also address the subject. In almost any historical era or culture, the arts, including literary and visual arts, as well as popular culture, present a substantial portion of a given society's views on sexuality. In most societies and legal jurisdictions, there are legal bounds on what sexual behavior is permitted. Sexuality varies across the cultures and regions of the world, and has continually changed throughout history.
A large variety of books, educational websites, and local education/support/social organizations exist for various forms of sexuality.
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Physiological aspects
Human sexuality can be influenced by hormonal changes in the development of the fetus during pregnancy. Many claim its manner of expression is largely due to genetic predisposition. Others say it is due to one's own personal experimentation in early life, and thus the establishment of preferences. A less divisive approach recognises that both factors may have a mutual role to play. Human physiology and gender makes certain forms of sexual expression possible.
Social aspects
Human sexuality can also be understood as part of the social life of humans, governed by implied rules of behavior and the status quo. Thus, it is claimed, sexuality influences social norms and society in turn influences the manner in which sexuality can be expressed. Since the invention of the mass media, things such as movies and advertising have given sexuality even more ability to shape the environments in which we live. Some see sexuality as distilled (often into stereotypes) and then repeatedly expressed in commercialized forms.
Gender identity is an aspect of human sexuality that can be affected by one's social environment, and differerent social environments can have specific attributes they associate with each sex, such as certain types of dress, colors, behaviors. A common example in western media could be the portrayal of a little boy in blue shorts and a white T-shirt playing with a toy truck, while a girl is shown in a pink dress playing with a doll.
Society and politics
Sex education
Sex education is the component of education, typically pre-university/college level, which involves instruction in the health aspects of sexual functions, behavior, and hygiene. All, or nearly all, governments and societies today advocate some degree of sex education. In most educational systems, it reflects the dominant views on sexual behavior, typically attempting to achieve some kind of compliance with the policies of the educational authority, such as the use or non-use of contraception or views on non-marital/pre-marital intercourse.
Cultural and psychiatric aspects
Human sexual behavior in most individuals is typically influenced, if not largely determined, by norms from the culture in which the individual lives. Examples of such norms are prohibitions on sexual intercourse before marriage, or against anal intercourse, or other activities, because the religion to which the individual's culture adheres forbids such activities.
Those who wish to express a dissident sexuality often form sub-cultures within the main culture. In many cases, forms of sexuality may develop into a fetish or develop into a psychiatric disorder (paraphilia). Paraphilias can also result from childhood abuse or mistreatment.
Documentary Films
- Filming Desire: A Journey Through Women's Film, A film by Marie Mandy, 2000
- (Comedy)The Mating Habits of the Earthbound Human (1999) Starring: David Hyde Pierce, Mackenzie Astin Director: Jeff Abugov
- "New Sex Now: Life's Ultimate Pleasure" (2002, New Sex Institute)
Study of sexuality
In contemporary academia, sexuality is studied in the field of gender and sexuality studies, among many other fields.
Topics in human sexuality
- Sexology (the study of sex)
- History of sex
- Homophobia
- Homosexuality and psychology
- Eroticism
- Paraphilias and fetishes (Some may be considered sex crimes in various jurisdictions).
- Virginity
- Male reproductive physiology:
- Female reproductive physiology:
- Genital modification and mutilation are practiced for a variety of reasons, including medical and socio-cultural. This area is often controversial.
- Castration: the removal of some or all of male external sexual organs, practice often for punitive purposes, or cultural reasons
- Sterilization, the surgical modification of sexual-reproductive organs to prevent fertility
- Male circumcision (often simply, circumcision)
- Female circumcision (also known as female genital mutiliation)
- Related medical fields
- Sexual development
- sexual lifestyles
- Sexual behavior (sexual acts & practices) and directly related topics
- The Basics
- Safer sex
- Sexual arousal
- Seduction
- Foreplay
- Erogenous zone
- Eroticism
- List of sexual slang
- Sexual intercourse
- Autoeroticism
- Mutual masturbation
- Oral sex
- Outercourse
- Opposite-Gender sexual practices
- Same-Gender sexual practices
- Casual sex
- Dirty Talk
- Lingerie (erotic clothing)
- Makeup sex
- Pornography
- Premarital sex
- Promiscuity
- Sexual fantasy
- Alternative/explorative sexual activies
- Penis enlargement
- Pegging
- Fisting and handballing
- Public sex
- Sexual roleplaying
- Ageplay
- Cross dressing
- Sensual massage
- Wax play
- Sex toys
- Group sex
- Swinging
- Gangbanging
- Orgies
- Ménages à trois (threesomes)
- BDSM
- Body modification
- Exhibitionism
- Fetishism or Sexual fetishism
- Frottage
- Kinky sex
- Modern primitive
- Nudism
- Paraphilia
- Perversion
- Pygmalionism
- Play piercing
- Polyamory
- Tribadism
- Voyeurism
- The Basics
- Socio-cultural aspects
- Casting couch
- Club wear
- Erotica
- Pornography
- Prostitution
- Sex in advertising
- Nightclubs, sex clubs, and swing clubs
- Sex scandals
- Sexual morality
- Sexual slang
- Stereotypes
- Sexism: generally, a form of discrimination based on gender, which may or may not be directly related to views on sexuality or sexual behavior per se.
- Situational sexual behavior
- Religious aspects
- Sex crimes and crime related sexual topics
- Sex and crime
- Rape or sexual assault
- Sexual harassment
- Sexual abuse and child sexual abuse
- Various paraphilias/fetishes (legality varying by jurisdiction)
- Pornography (legality varying by jurisdiction and type and audience)
- Incest
- Bestiality
- Prison sexuality
- Conjugal visit
- Fifi
- Sex and the occult
- Other related issues
External links
- The Jewish view of Sexuality chabad.org
- Association of Reproductive Health Professionals
- The International Encyclopedia of Sexuality
- History of Surveys of Sexual Behavior from Encyclopedia of Behavioral Statistics
- A History of Western Love and Sex From 1300 B.C. to the Twentieth Century
- Growing Up Sexually, Study on sexual development in primitive cultures
- History Of Sexuality
- Adolescent Sexuality Guide
- Sexuality Guide
- Women's Sexuality
- Sexual Aspect of Love
- Women's Sexuality
- Pathways to Women's Sexual Health
- Society for Human Sexuality
- Romance, Sex and Relationships
- Raw Psychology Sex and Sexuality Project Designed to document the scope of the human sexual spectrum in modern society.