Nairobi
Webpages concerning "Nairobi"
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Wikipedia-Article "Nairobi"
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| Province | Nairobi Area | |
| Mayor | Dick Waweru | |
| Area - % water |
150 km² 0.00% |
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| Population - Total (2001) - Density |
List of metropolitan areas by population 2,500,000 ?/km² |
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| Established | 1899 | |
| Time zone | MSK (UTC+3) | |
| Calling code | 02 | |
Nairobi is the capital city of Kenya. Nairobi's name comes from the Maasai Ewaso Nyirobi, meaning "cool waters".
The main languages spoken are English and Kiswahili. English is the legal, business and administrative language while Kiswahili remains the lingua franca.
Nairobi has the highest population in East Africa, with an estimated population of between 3 and 4 million. Nairobi is a cosmopolitain and multicultural city, with many immigrants from former British colonies. This is highlighted in the number of churches, mosques temples and gurdwaras within the city. A resident of Nairobi is referred to as a Nairobiite. Nairobi was founded as a railway camp in 1899.
Nairobi is the headquarters of sevaral international companies and organizations. This makes it one of the most influential cities in Africa. Nairobi is a tourist destination and transport hub.
Since its foundation in 1899, Nairobi has grown to become the largest city and capital of Kenya, and one of the largest cities in Africa.
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History
Nairobi was founded in 1899 as a supply depot for the Uganda Railway which was being constructed between Mombasa and Uganda. It was totally rebuilt in the early 1900s after an outbreak of plague and the burning of the original town.
When made capital of the British Protectorate, Nairobi's future was secured. The railway brought wealth into the city, which made it grow dramatically. It then became Kenya's second largest town after Mombasa.
As the British colonialists started to explore the region, they started using Nairobi as their first port of call. This prompted the colonial government to build several grand hotels in the city. The main occupants were British game hunters.
Nairobi continued to grow under British rule, and many British peoples settled within the city's suburbs. The continuous expansion of the city began to anger the Maasai people, as the city was devouring their land to the south. It also angered the Kikuyu people, who wanted the land returned to them.
Between the years of 1920 and 1950, the number of white settlers within the city rose from 9,000 to 80,000. There was, however, friction that existed between these settlers and the local peoples.
After the end of World War II, this friction developed into the Mau Mau rebellion. Jomo Kenyatta, Kenya's future president, was jailed for his involvement, even though there was no evidence linking him to the rebellion.
Pressure exerted from the locals onto the British resulted in Kenyan independance in 1963. Nairobi was the capital and largest city of the Republic of Kenya.
After independence, Nairobi grew rapidly, and this growth put pressure on the city's infrastructure. Power cuts and water shortages were an often occurance.
In 1998, the US Embassy in Nairobi was bombed in August 1998 by Osama bin Laden's terrorist group Al-Qaida. See: 1998 U.S. embassy bombings.
Geography and Climate
The city is located at 1°16′S 36°48′E and occupies around 150 sq km. It is situated about 1660 m (5450 ft) above sea level.
Nairobi is situated between the cities of Kampala and Mombasa. It is beside the Rift valley. The Ngong hills are towards the west, Mount Kenya is towards the North and Mount Kilimanjaro is towards the south-east. As Nairobi is adjacent to the Rift Valley, earthquakes and tremors occasionally occur.
At 1660m, Nairobi enjoys a fairly moderate climate. The altitude makes for some chilly evenings but it is never too cold. The sunniest and warmest part of the year is from December to March, when temperatures average the mid-twenties during the day. The temperature usually peaks at 30C. There are two rainy seasons but rainfall is only moderate. The cloudiest part of the year is just after the first rainy season, when, until September, conditions are usually overcast with drizzle.
Tourism
Nairobi is not a prime tourist destination, but it does have several tourist attractions. The most famous is the Nairobi National Park. It is the only national park to border a capital city, or city of this size. NNP contains many animals including lions and giraffes. Nairobi also has more species of birds than any other capital city in the world.
Nairobi has several museums. These include the Nairobi Railway Museum and the Kenya National Museum, which houses many artefacts including the full remains of a homo erectus boy.
Nairobi has several world class hotels. The newest is the Panari Hotel which is the first luxury hotel to be built in the city in twelve years. It is a 5* hotel built in the Panari Sky Centre, a large modern building which includes a shopping centre. Other hotels of note within the city include the Hilton, and the Grand Regency.
Nairobi has just opened the largest ice rink in Africa in the Panari Sky Centre. The rink is 15,000 metres squared and can accommodate 200 people.
Places of Interest
- Nairobi National Park
- Karen Blixen Museum
- National Archives
- Bomas of Kenya
- Giraffe Centre
Transport
Nairobi is served primarily by Jomo Kenyatta International Airport. It is the largest airport in the region and handled 4 million passengers in 2004. This airport is usually the first port of call for most tourists visiting Kenya or Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania
Wilson Airport is a small, busy airport to the west of Nairobi. It handles small aircraft that generally operate within Kenya. Eastleigh Airport was the original landing strip in the pre-jet airline era. It was used in a landing point on the 1930s and 1940s British passenger and mail route from Southampton to Cape Town. This route was served by flying boats between Britain and Kisumu and then by land-based aircraft on the routes to the south.
Mutatu's are the most popular form of local transport. They are private-owned and transport peoples within the city, and between cities and towns. They are minibuses that generally transport up to 12 people. They are normally Nissan vehicles. In 2004, a law was passed in which all mutatus had to include seat-belts, speeed governors and all be painted in a uniform white with yellow band across it. This is because many deaths had been caused by dangerous driving and overcrowding in mutatus.
Nairobi was founded as a railway town, and the KR main headquarters are still situated there, near the city centre. The line runs through Nairobi, from Mombasa to Kampala. Its main use is freight traffic, but regular nightly passenger trains connect Mombasa, Nairobi and Kisumu. A number of morning and evening commuter trains connect the centre with the suburbs, but the city has no proper light rail, tramway or subway lines. A JKI airport shuttle rail service is being contemplated. Most peoples travel by matatu, bus, car, or by foot and bicycle, and the city is very frequently jammed.
Central Business District and Skyline
Nairobi grew around the central business district. It takes a rectangular shape, around the Uhuru Highway, Haille Selasse Avenue, Moi Avenue and University Way. It includes many of Nairobi's important buildings, including the City Hall and Parliament Building. The city square is also located within the perimiter.
A feature of the central business district that strikes foreign tourists the most is the skyline. Nairobi's skyline has been compared to many European and American cities. This is due to a construction boom after indepencance, and another construction boom in the late [[1990s] and early 2000s. Most of the skyscrapers in this region are the headquarters of businesses and corporations, such as I&M.
The United States Embassy bombing took place in this district, prompting the new embassy building to be located in the suburbs.
The district is bordered to the south-west by Nairobi's largest park: Uhuru Park. The Mombasa to Kampala railway runs to the south-east of the district.
List of Nairobi's Tallest Skyscrapers
- Times Tower (140m)
- Kenyatta International Conference Centre (105m)
- NSSF Building (103m)
- I&M Bank Tower (99m)
- Government Office Conference Hall (98m)
Crime
Nairobi has struggled with rising crime, earning a reputation for being a dangerous city and the nickname "nairobbery". In 2001, the United Nations International Civil Service Commission rated Nairobi as among the most insecure cities in the world, classifying the city as "status C". The head of one development agency cited the "notoriously high levels of violent armed robberies, burglaries and carjackings"[1].
Crime has risen within Nairobi, as many people have left the countryside for the city. They then have no money, and have no option but to settle in slums such as Kibera, one of the largest slums in Africa.
Most large houses now have a watchguard and dogs to patrol their grounds during the night. Tourists are advised not to show valuables in broad daylight within the city centre, and to stay away from the city centre at night.
As well as crime, the threat of terrorism remains high since the 1998 U.S. embassy bombings. Upon arrival and departure from Nairobi, tourists are thoroughly screened.
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