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Toilet training (or potty training) is the process of weaning a young child off diapers and training him/her to use the toilet for urination and defecation. Potty training is usually done between the ages of 2 and 4.
Learning to use the toilet is often treated like any other skill a young child learns, such as sitting up, walking or talking. There are signs that can indicate a child's readiness for potty training. For example, if a child's diapers are staying dry for periods of two to four hours during the day, the child shows interest in going to the toilet and recognizes the urge to eliminate, the child is able to remove and put on his own clothing and can follow complex instructions, then he is likely ready to begin learning to use the toilet.
According to Sigmund Freud, a child can have problems later in life if the training doesn't go well, or is too strict. As an adult a person can strive for perfection or excessive cleanliness because they were too harshly trained. The current popular wisdom on this subject is that toilet training is a mutual task, requiring cooperation, agreement and understanding between the child and the caregiver. The use of coercion and shame as disciplinary instruction tools during this phase of development is strongly recommended against.