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Gematria (גימטריה) is numerology of the Hebrew language and Hebrew alphabet. Several forms can be identified: the "revealed" form and the "mystical form". The word itself comes from the Greek word 'geometry' and the concept or system is the same as the Greek isopsephy.
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The most common form of gematria is used occasionally in the Talmud and Midrash and elaborately by many post-Talmudic commentators. It involves converting words and sentences into numbers, usually by assigning numbers to each letter of the Hebrew alphabet. When converted to a number, they can be compared to other words and similarities drawn. A commentary almost completely dedicated to gematria is Baal ha-Turim by Rabbi Jacob ben Asher.
Gematria is often used by the Maharal of Prague and hasidic Torah commentators (such as the "Sefath Emmeth" from Gur).
Gematria is a system of recognizing a correspondence between the ten sefirot, or fires of God, and the twenty two letters in the Hebrew alphabet. This system is elaborated in many mystical Jewish writings such as the Zohar.
One example of gematria is that there are twenty-two solid figures that are composed of regular polygons. There are five Platonic solids, four Kepler-Poinsot solids, and thirteen Archimedean solids. Since there are twenty-two letters in the Hebrew alphabet (aleph-beth), a correspondence is possible between these two facts. The art of gematria is knowing which solid is associated with which letter.
Another example is that of Hebrew numerals. Although there are twenty-two letters, there are twenty-seven numerals necessary to express each number up to 999 (one through nine, ten through ninety, one hundred through nine hundred). The mystical Hebrew numeric system notes that the missing final five letters of the numeral system match exactly with the five 'sofeet' forms of the Hebrew letters, which are alternate forms of particular letters only used when that letter is the last letter in a Hebrew word. These extra letter-forms are not used in non-mystical numeration.
Another use is that words which have the same numerical value, share the same qualities, and reveal still other aspects of the Divine.
The basic translation code is as follows:
| Decimal | Hebrew | Glyph |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Aleph | א |
| 2 | Bet | ב |
| 3 | Gimmel | ג |
| 4 | Daled | ד |
| 5 | He | ה |
| 6 | Vav | ו |
| 7 | Zayin | ז |
| 8 | Het | ח |
| 9 | Tet | ט |
| 10 | Yod | י |
| 20 | Kaf | כ, ך |
| 30 | Lamed | ל |
| 40 | Mem | מ, ם |
| 50 | Nun | נ, ן |
| 60 | Samekh | ס |
| 70 | Ayin | ע |
| 80 | Pe | פ, ף |
| 90 | Tsadik | צ, ץ |
| 100 | Kof | ק |
| 200 | Resh | ר |
| 300 | Shin | ש |
| 400 | Tav | ת |
Some Kabbalistic uses of gematria recognize differing values for the final forms and assign multiples of 1000 for letters that are drawn larger than those adjacent to them.
| Decimal | Hebrew | Glyph |
|---|---|---|
| 500 | Kaf | ך |
| 600 | Mem | ם |
| 700 | Nun | ן |
| 800 | Pe | ף |
| 900 | Tsadik | ץ |
Theomatics is a numerological study of the Greek and Hebrew text of the Christian Bible, based upon gematria and isopsephy, that its proponents assert demonstrates the direct intervention of God in the writing of Christian scripture.
It was invented by Del Washburn in 1975, who coined the name "theomatics" as a combination of "Θεός" ("God") and "mathematics", and wrote several books and web sites espousing the hypothesis.
An extensive analysis and criticism of theomatics from a Christian perspective has been published anonymously by "A Believer"1. The anonymous critic asserts that Washburn's statistical metholodogy is flawed, and demonstrates that when it is applied the claims made by Washburn cannot be independently verified. In exhorting Christians not to espouse theomatics, the critic states that its analyses "would, in our opinion, bring much needless discredit upon our Lord Jesus Christ if they were seriously explored by unbelievers. We know that we in Christ are of the truth, and that no lie is of the truth. No lie or misrepresentation has any place at all in our defense or promotion of the truth."
Russell Glasser has also published a criticism of theomatics2 from an atheist perspective, taking Washburn to task over two of his statements on the scientific proof of theomatics3.